Can Men Take Probiotics? Benefits, Safety, and What to Know

If you’re wondering whether men can take probiotics, the short answer is absolutely yes. Probiotics offer numerous health benefits for men, supporting everything from digestive function to urinary health and even fertility. While probiotics aren’t gender-specific, certain strains may provide particular advantages for male health concerns.

This comprehensive guide explores how probiotics work in men’s bodies, the specific benefits they offer, and what you need to know before adding them to your wellness routine.

Understanding Probiotics: What They Are and How They Work

Probiotics are live microorganisms, primarily bacteria and yeasts, that provide health benefits when consumed in adequate amounts. These beneficial microbes help maintain the balance of your gut microbiome, which plays a crucial role in digestion, immune function, and overall health.

The human gut contains trillions of microorganisms, collectively known as the gut microbiota. When this delicate balance is disrupted by factors like poor diet, stress, antibiotics, or illness, harmful bacteria can outnumber beneficial ones, potentially leading to various health issues.

Probiotics work by replenishing and supporting the population of beneficial bacteria in your digestive system. They can help restore balance, improve gut barrier function, and produce compounds that benefit your health in multiple ways.

Can Men Safely Take Probiotics?

Yes, men can safely take probiotics. These beneficial microorganisms are generally considered safe for most healthy adults, regardless of gender. The probiotic strains themselves are not sex-specific, meaning both men and women can benefit from the same types of beneficial bacteria.

However, it’s worth noting that research suggests responses to probiotic supplementation may vary between sexes due to differences in gut microbiome composition, hormones, and metabolism. This doesn’t mean probiotics are unsafe for men—it simply means individual results may vary.

Most people tolerate probiotics well, though some may experience mild, temporary side effects like gas, bloating, or changes in bowel movements during the first few days of supplementation. These symptoms typically resolve as your body adjusts.

Who Should Exercise Caution?

While probiotics are safe for most men, certain individuals should consult a healthcare professional before starting supplementation:

• Men with compromised immune systems
• Those with serious underlying health conditions
• Individuals with central venous catheters
• Anyone recovering from major surgery
• Those with severe digestive disorders

Health Benefits of Probiotics for Men

Research continues to uncover various ways probiotics can support men’s health. Here are the most well-documented benefits:

Digestive Health Support

Probiotics are perhaps best known for their positive effects on digestive health. They can help men experiencing:

• Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Certain probiotic strains have been shown to reduce bloating, gas, and abdominal discomfort associated with IBS
• Diarrhea: Probiotics can help prevent and reduce the duration of various types of diarrhea, including antibiotic-associated diarrhea
• Constipation: Some probiotic strains can improve bowel movement frequency and consistency
• Inflammatory Bowel Disease: While not a cure, probiotics may help manage symptoms in some cases

Urinary Tract Health

Men can experience urinary tract infections (UTIs), though less frequently than women. Research has shown promising results for probiotic use in urinary health:

A study involving men aged 55 to 65 with recurrent urinary infections found that those who supplemented with probiotics for 12 weeks showed reduced bacterial loads of E. coli and E. faecalis in their urine cultures compared to those taking a placebo. These bacteria commonly cause urinary tract infections.

By helping maintain a healthy balance of bacteria throughout the body, probiotics may reduce the risk of harmful bacteria colonizing the urinary tract.

Prostate Health Support

The prostate is a male-specific organ that can become inflamed or enlarged, particularly as men age. Research suggests probiotics may offer support for prostate health:

• Reducing inflammation: Probiotics have anti-inflammatory properties that may benefit men with prostatitis (prostate inflammation)
• Supporting immune function: A healthy gut microbiome supports overall immune health, which plays a role in prostate health
• Improving urinary symptoms: Some men with prostate issues experience urinary symptoms that probiotics may help alleviate

Male Fertility Enhancement

Emerging research suggests probiotics may play a role in male fertility. Studies have found that probiotic supplementation can lead to significant improvements in:

• Sperm concentration
• Sperm motility (movement)
• Overall sperm quality

While more research is needed to fully understand this connection, the existing evidence is promising for men concerned about fertility.

Weight Management Support

Maintaining a healthy weight becomes increasingly challenging as men age. Probiotics may offer support through several mechanisms:

• Improving gut barrier function to reduce inflammation
• Influencing hormones related to appetite and fat storage
• Enhancing nutrient absorption
• Supporting healthy metabolism

Certain probiotic strains have been associated with modest reductions in body weight and belly fat, though results vary among individuals.

Immune System Support

Approximately 70% of your immune system resides in your gut. By supporting gut health, probiotics indirectly strengthen immune function, potentially helping men:

• Reduce the frequency and severity of common infections
• Recover more quickly from illness
• Maintain overall health and wellness

Mental Health and Mood

The gut-brain connection is a fascinating area of research. Studies suggest that gut health influences mental health through the gut-brain axis. Probiotics may help:

• Reduce symptoms of anxiety and stress
• Support healthy mood regulation
• Improve cognitive function

Heart Health

Some research indicates probiotics may support cardiovascular health by:

• Helping maintain healthy cholesterol levels
• Supporting healthy blood pressure
• Reducing inflammation throughout the body

Best Probiotic Strains for Men

While there are no strictly “male-only” probiotic strains, certain types have been studied for conditions that commonly affect men. Here are some beneficial strains to look for:

Lactobacillus Species

• Lactobacillus rhamnosus: Supports digestive health, immune function, and may help with urinary tract health
• Lactobacillus acidophilus: Aids digestion, supports nutrient absorption, and helps maintain gut balance
• Lactobacillus plantarum: Shows promise for reducing inflammation and supporting immune health
• Lactobacillus casei: May help with digestive issues and immune support

Bifidobacterium Species

• Bifidobacterium longum: Supports digestive health and may help reduce stress and anxiety
• Bifidobacterium bifidum: Helps maintain gut barrier function and supports immune health
• Bifidobacterium lactis: May support digestive health and immune function

Other Beneficial Strains

• Saccharomyces boulardii: A beneficial yeast that helps prevent and treat various types of diarrhea
• Streptococcus thermophilus: Supports lactose digestion and gut health

How to Choose a Probiotic Supplement

With countless probiotic products on the market, selecting the right one can feel overwhelming. Here are key factors to consider:

CFU Count

CFU stands for “colony-forming units” and indicates the number of viable bacteria in a product. Look for supplements containing at least 1 million CFUs per gram, though many effective products contain billions of CFUs per serving.

Strain Diversity

Multi-strain probiotics may offer broader benefits than single-strain products. However, if you’re targeting a specific health concern, a product with well-researched strains for that condition may be more appropriate.

Quality and Testing

Choose products from reputable manufacturers that:

• Follow Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs)
• Conduct third-party testing for purity and potency
• Clearly list strains and CFU counts on labels
• Guarantee viable CFUs through the expiration date

Storage Requirements

Some probiotics require refrigeration to maintain potency, while others are shelf-stable. Choose a product that fits your lifestyle and storage capabilities.

Additional Ingredients

Some probiotic supplements marketed toward men include additional ingredients like vitamins, minerals, or botanical extracts that support men’s health. Consider whether these additions align with your health goals.

Delivery Method

Probiotics come in various forms:

• Capsules: Convenient and often enteric-coated to protect bacteria from stomach acid
• Tablets: Similar to capsules but may be chewable
• Powders: Can be mixed into beverages or food
• Gummies: Tasty but may contain added sugars
• Liquids: Fast-absorbing but may require refrigeration

How to Take Probiotics Effectively

To maximize the benefits of probiotic supplementation, follow these guidelines:

Timing

Most experts recommend taking probiotics on an empty stomach or with a small meal. Some research suggests taking them 30 minutes before eating may improve survival of beneficial bacteria through the digestive tract.

Consistency

Take probiotics daily for best results. It typically takes several weeks of consistent use to notice significant benefits.

Starting Dose

If you’re new to probiotics, consider starting with a lower dose and gradually increasing to allow your body to adjust and minimize potential side effects.

Duration

Some people take probiotics indefinitely for ongoing support, while others use them for specific periods to address particular concerns. Consult with a healthcare professional about what’s appropriate for your situation.

Natural Food Sources of Probiotics

While supplements can be beneficial, you can also obtain probiotics through fermented foods. Consider incorporating these options into your diet:

• Yogurt: Choose varieties with “live and active cultures” listed on the label
• Kefir: A fermented milk drink with diverse probiotic strains
• Sauerkraut: Fermented cabbage (look for unpasteurized versions in the refrigerated section)
• Kimchi: A Korean fermented vegetable dish, typically spicy
• Kombucha: A fermented tea beverage
• Miso: A fermented soybean paste used in Japanese cuisine
• Tempeh: Fermented soybeans with a firm texture
• Pickles: Cucumbers fermented in brine (not vinegar)

For many people, a combination of probiotic-rich foods and supplements provides optimal support for gut health.

Prebiotics: Fuel for Your Probiotics

Prebiotics are types of fiber that feed beneficial gut bacteria. Taking probiotics alongside prebiotics may enhance their effectiveness. Good prebiotic sources include:

• Garlic and onions
• Leeks and asparagus
• Bananas (especially slightly green ones)
• Whole grains like oats and barley
• Apples and berries
• Legumes
• Jerusalem artichokes

Some probiotic supplements include prebiotics, creating a “synbiotic” product that provides both beneficial bacteria and their preferred food source.

Potential Side Effects and Considerations

While probiotics are generally safe, some men may experience:

Common Mild Side Effects

• Gas and bloating
• Mild stomach upset
• Changes in bowel movements
• Temporary increase in thirst

These symptoms typically resolve within a few days as your body adjusts. If they persist or worsen, discontinue use and consult a healthcare professional.

Rare but Serious Concerns

In very rare cases, particularly in people with compromised immune systems or serious underlying conditions, probiotics may cause infections. This is why it’s important to discuss supplementation with your healthcare provider if you have health concerns.

Interactions

Probiotics may interact with certain medications, including antibiotics and immunosuppressants. If you’re taking any medications, consult your healthcare provider before starting probiotic supplementation to ensure it’s safe and appropriate for you.

Do Men Need Different Probiotics Than Women?

The short answer is no—probiotic strains themselves are not gender-specific. Both men and women can benefit from the same types of beneficial bacteria.

However, some companies formulate “men’s probiotics” that include:

• Additional vitamins and minerals targeting men’s nutritional needs
• Higher concentrations of strains studied for men’s health concerns
• Botanical extracts that support prostate health
• Ingredients that may support testosterone or energy levels

While these formulations aren’t necessary, they may be convenient if you’re looking for a comprehensive supplement that addresses multiple aspects of men’s health.

When to Consult a Healthcare Professional

Consider talking with a healthcare provider about probiotics if you:

• Have a specific health condition you want to address
• Are taking medications that might interact with probiotics
• Have a compromised immune system
• Experience persistent or severe digestive symptoms
• Want personalized recommendations for strain selection and dosing
• Are considering probiotics for a specific health goal like fertility support

A healthcare professional can help you choose the most appropriate probiotic strains and doses for your individual needs and health goals.

Frequently Asked Questions

How long does it take for probiotics to work in men?

Most men begin noticing benefits within 2 to 4 weeks of consistent probiotic use, though some effects may appear sooner or take longer depending on the individual and the specific health concern being addressed.

Can probiotics increase testosterone in men?

Current research does not show that probiotics significantly increase testosterone levels in men. While gut health influences overall health and hormonal balance, probiotics are not a testosterone replacement or enhancement therapy.

Should men take probiotics daily?

For most men seeking general health support, daily probiotic use is recommended for optimal benefits. Consistency allows beneficial bacteria to maintain their presence in the gut microbiome.

Can probiotics help with men’s weight loss?

Probiotics may support weight management efforts by improving gut health, reducing inflammation, and influencing metabolism. However, they work best when combined with a healthy diet and regular exercise, not as a standalone weight loss solution.

Are there any men who shouldn’t take probiotics?

Men with severely compromised immune systems, serious underlying health conditions, or those recovering from major surgery should consult a healthcare professional before taking probiotics.

What’s the best time of day for men to take probiotics?

Many experts recommend taking probiotics first thing in the morning on an empty stomach or 30 minutes before a meal. However, the most important factor is consistency—taking them at the same time daily.

The Bottom Line

Men can absolutely take probiotics and may benefit significantly from doing so. These beneficial microorganisms support digestive health, immune function, and may offer specific advantages for urinary health, prostate function, and even fertility.

While probiotic strains aren’t gender-specific, men can choose from general probiotic supplements or products specifically formulated to address men’s health concerns. The key is selecting high-quality products with well-researched strains in effective doses.

Remember that probiotics are generally safe for most healthy men, but those with underlying health conditions or compromised immune systems should consult a healthcare professional before beginning supplementation. Additionally, combining probiotic supplements with a diet rich in fermented foods and prebiotic fiber may provide optimal support for gut health and overall wellness.

If you’re considering adding probiotics to your health routine, start with a quality product, be consistent with daily use, and give your body time to adjust and respond. With patience and the right approach, probiotics can be a valuable tool for supporting your health and well-being.

Sources:

• National Center for Biotechnology Information – Probiotic Strain Effectiveness
• PubMed – Probiotics and Urinary Tract Health in Men
• National Center for Biotechnology Information – Probiotics and Male Fertility
• National Center for Biotechnology Information – Probiotic Research in Healthy Adults
• National Center for Biotechnology Information – Sex Differences in Probiotic Response
• PubMed – Probiotics and Testosterone Levels in Men