Licorice root, derived from the plant Glycyrrhiza glabra, has been treasured as a natural remedy for thousands of years. This ancient herb, native to Asia, Southern Europe, and the Middle East, continues to be widely used in modern herbal medicine for its impressive therapeutic properties.
From soothing digestive discomfort to supporting skin health, licorice root offers a diverse range of potential health benefits backed by both traditional use and emerging scientific research. This comprehensive guide explores everything you need to know about licorice root benefits, uses, and important safety considerations.
What Is Licorice Root?
Licorice root comes from the underground stems and roots of the Glycyrrhiza glabra plant. The root has been used medicinally since ancient Egyptian times, when it was prepared as a sweet beverage for pharaohs.
The root contains nearly 300 different compounds, with glycyrrhizin being the primary active ingredient. Glycyrrhizin is responsible for licorice root’s characteristic sweet taste—approximately 50 times sweeter than sugar—as well as many of its medicinal properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects.
Due to potential side effects associated with glycyrrhizin, some supplements use deglycyrrhizinated licorice (DGL), which has had this compound removed while retaining other beneficial components.
Proven Licorice Root Benefits
Research into licorice root has revealed numerous potential health applications, though more comprehensive human studies are still needed for many of these benefits.
Supports Digestive Health
One of the most well-established benefits of licorice root is its ability to support digestive wellness. The herb has been traditionally used to soothe various gastrointestinal complaints.
For acid reflux and heartburn, licorice root extract may help reduce symptoms by forming a protective coating along the esophagus and stomach lining. Studies have shown that taking licorice root daily can be effective at managing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms over extended periods.
Licorice root may also help treat peptic ulcers—painful sores that develop in the stomach, esophagus, or small intestine. Research suggests that licorice compounds can increase mucus production, reduce inflammation, and support a healthy gut microbiome, all of which contribute to ulcer healing.
Promotes Skin Health
Licorice root extract has gained recognition in dermatology for its skin-healing properties. The anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial compounds in licorice may help address various skin conditions including acne, eczema, and dermatitis.
Studies have found that topical preparations containing licorice root extract can be as effective as low-dose topical treatments for managing eczema symptoms. The root’s compounds may help reduce redness, swelling, and itching associated with inflammatory skin conditions.
Additionally, licorice root is increasingly used in cosmetic products for its potential to brighten skin tone and reduce the appearance of dark spots and hyperpigmentation.
Supports Respiratory Health
Licorice root has a long history of use for respiratory conditions. The glycyrrhizin in licorice root exhibits anti-inflammatory properties that may benefit people with asthma and other upper respiratory issues.
Research suggests that licorice root extract may help soothe irritated airways and reduce inflammation in the respiratory tract. Some studies indicate it may protect against throat infections and help relieve symptoms of strep throat.
Licorice root tea has been traditionally used to ease coughs, sore throats, and congestion, though more research is needed to confirm optimal dosing and effectiveness.
Promotes Oral Health
The antimicrobial properties of licorice root may contribute to better oral health. Research indicates that licorice root compounds can help protect against cavity-causing bacteria and may be beneficial for various oral health concerns.
Potential oral health benefits include protection against tooth decay, support for gum health, and relief from canker sores and oral thrush. Some natural oral care products now incorporate licorice root extract as an active ingredient.
May Have Anticancer Properties
Emerging research is investigating licorice root’s potential protective effects against certain types of cancer. Animal and laboratory studies have shown that licorice compounds may slow or inhibit cell growth in skin, colorectal, and breast cancer cells.
While these findings are promising, it’s important to note that research in humans is still limited. Licorice root should never replace conventional cancer treatment, but it may have supportive applications worth exploring with healthcare guidance.
Other Potential Benefits
Preliminary research suggests licorice root may offer additional health benefits, including:
- Supporting blood sugar management in people with diabetes
- Reducing menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes
- Supporting weight management efforts
- Providing liver support in certain conditions
However, more robust clinical trials are needed to confirm these potential benefits and establish appropriate treatment protocols.
Licorice Root Extract vs. DGL
When shopping for licorice root supplements, you’ll encounter two main types: whole licorice root extract and deglycyrrhizinated licorice (DGL).
Whole licorice root extract contains all naturally occurring compounds, including glycyrrhizin. This form provides the full spectrum of licorice’s medicinal properties but carries a higher risk of side effects with long-term or high-dose use.
DGL supplements have had the glycyrrhizin removed, significantly reducing the risk of adverse effects. DGL is often recommended for digestive issues, particularly acid reflux and peptic ulcers, as it retains beneficial compounds while being safer for long-term use.
The choice between these forms depends on your specific health goals and risk factors. Consult with a healthcare professional to determine which option is most appropriate for your situation.
How to Use Licorice Root
Licorice root is available in various forms to suit different preferences and applications:
Forms of Licorice Root
- Dried root: Can be chewed directly or used to make tea
- Capsules and tablets: Provide standardized doses of extract or DGL
- Liquid extracts and tinctures: Concentrated forms that can be added to water or taken directly
- Powders: Versatile option that can be mixed into beverages or foods
- Topical preparations: Gels, creams, and ointments for skin application
- Tea: A traditional and gentle way to consume licorice root
Recommended Dosage
There is no universally established standard dosage for licorice root, as appropriate amounts vary based on the form used and the condition being addressed.
General guidelines based on available research include:
- For digestive issues: Two 380 mg DGL tablets taken before meals
- For respiratory support: 1-5 grams of dried root powder, 2-5 ml of tincture, or 250-300 mg of extract, typically taken three times daily
- For tea: One cup of licorice root tea daily is generally considered safe
The World Health Organization recommends limiting glycyrrhizin intake to no more than 100 mg per day to minimize the risk of side effects. If you’re concerned about glycyrrhizin, choosing DGL products eliminates this consideration.
Always start with the lowest effective dose and consult with a healthcare professional before beginning any supplement regimen, especially if you have existing health conditions or take medications.
Potential Side Effects and Risks
While the FDA considers licorice root generally safe for use in foods, supplements containing concentrated amounts can cause side effects, particularly with prolonged use or high doses.
Common Side Effects
Excessive or long-term consumption of licorice root containing glycyrrhizin may lead to:
- Elevated blood pressure
- Low potassium levels (hypokalemia)
- Fluid retention and swelling
- Irregular heart rhythms
- Headaches
- Fatigue and muscle weakness
In rare cases, very high doses or chronic use can result in serious complications including kidney problems, heart failure, and pulmonary edema.
Who Should Avoid Licorice Root?
Certain individuals should exercise caution or avoid licorice root entirely:
- People with high blood pressure or hypertension
- Individuals with heart disease or heart conditions
- Those with kidney disease
- People with hormone-sensitive conditions
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women
- Individuals with low potassium levels
If you fall into any of these categories, consult with a healthcare provider before using licorice root products.
Drug Interactions
Licorice root can interact with various medications, potentially affecting their effectiveness or increasing side effects. Known interactions include:
- Blood pressure medications
- Blood thinning medications
- Diuretics (water pills)
- Hormone therapies and contraceptives
- Corticosteroids
- Cholesterol-lowering medications
If you take any medications regularly, discuss licorice root use with your doctor or pharmacist to avoid potential interactions.
Quality and Safety Considerations
The dietary supplement industry is not as strictly regulated as pharmaceuticals, so product quality can vary significantly between brands.
When selecting licorice root supplements:
- Choose products from reputable manufacturers with third-party testing
- Look for certifications from organizations like USP, NSF, or ConsumerLab
- Check the label for clear information about glycyrrhizin content or DGL status
- Verify that the product contains the form and concentration appropriate for your needs
- Store products according to package directions to maintain potency
Frequently Asked Questions
Is licorice candy the same as licorice root?
Most licorice candy sold in the United States contains no actual licorice root and is instead flavored with anise oil. Even candies that do contain real licorice typically have small amounts mixed with large quantities of sugar. Licorice candy should not be considered a source of therapeutic benefits.
Can I take licorice root every day?
Short-term daily use is generally considered safe for most people when following recommended dosages. However, long-term daily use of products containing glycyrrhizin may increase the risk of side effects. DGL products are safer for extended use. Consult with a healthcare professional about appropriate duration for your situation.
Does licorice root help with weight loss?
Some preliminary research suggests licorice root may have modest effects on weight management, but evidence is limited and results are not dramatic. Licorice root should not be relied upon as a primary weight loss strategy but may offer supportive benefits as part of a comprehensive approach.
How long does it take for licorice root to work?
The timeframe varies depending on the condition being addressed. Some people experience relief from digestive symptoms within hours to days, while benefits for skin conditions or other issues may take several weeks of consistent use to become apparent.
Can children take licorice root?
There is limited research on licorice root safety in children. Due to potential risks, it’s best to consult with a pediatrician before giving licorice root supplements to children. Occasional consumption of licorice root tea or foods containing small amounts is generally considered safe for older children.
The Bottom Line
Licorice root is a time-honored herbal remedy with a growing body of scientific evidence supporting various health benefits. From soothing digestive complaints to supporting skin health and respiratory function, this versatile herb offers multiple potential applications.
The key to safely enjoying licorice root benefits lies in using appropriate forms and dosages, being aware of potential side effects and contraindications, and consulting with healthcare professionals when needed—especially if you have existing health conditions or take medications.
While licorice root shows promise for many health concerns, it should complement rather than replace conventional medical care. With mindful use and proper guidance, licorice root can be a valuable addition to your natural health toolkit.
If you’re considering adding licorice root to your wellness routine, speak with a qualified healthcare provider who can help determine whether it’s appropriate for your individual health needs and circumstances.
Sources:
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health – Licorice Root
- PubMed Central – Glycyrrhiza glabra: A phytochemical and pharmacological review
- National Cancer Institute – Licorice Root Extract
- PubMed Central – Licorice extract for dermatological conditions
- World Health Organization
- PubMed Database – Various studies on licorice root
⚕️ Medical Disclaimer
This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. The information provided has not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.
Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before making any changes to your diet, taking supplements, or starting any health regimen. Individual results may vary.